Understanding Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a specific learning disorder that primarily affects reading accuracy and fluency, as well as word decoding skills. It is not linked to intelligence and does not result from a lack of effort or motivation. Instead, it reflects a particular way the brain processes written language. Neuropsychological research shows that dyslexia is associated with differences in the brain networks involved in reading and phonological processing. In other words, the brains of people with dyslexia process written information differently, making learning more demanding—but not impossible.
In elementary and high school, students with dyslexia often benefit from pedagogical accommodations and structured support. However, when transitioning to college or university, many face new challenges: increased workload, greater autonomy, heavy reading demands, and frequent exams. With the right strategies and tailored support, though, students can not only succeed but also develop unique skills that will serve them throughout their lives.
Challenges in College and University
- Heavy reading demands: textbooks and scientific articles require speed and endurance that can be difficult to sustain.
- Note-taking: keeping up with lectures can be a major obstacle.
- Time management: dyslexia slows certain processes, which can lead to overload without sufficient planning.
- Stress and anxiety: fear of failure or judgment may intensify.
The Importance of a Neuropsychological Evaluation
A neuropsychological evaluation is often crucial for students. It confirms the diagnosis, provides a better understanding of the cognitive profile (strengths and weaknesses), and recommends personalized accommodations. These can be used to request adapted services at college or university, such as:
- Extra time on exams
- Access to text-to-speech or speech-to-text software
- Lecture notes provided in advance
- Access to a quiet testing room
These measures are not meant to provide an unfair advantage, but to compensate for barriers related to dyslexia, allowing the student to demonstrate their true abilities.
Effective Study Strategies
- Rigorous Planning
Use a paper or digital planner. Students with dyslexia should schedule extra time for reading and assignments. Breaking tasks into smaller steps makes the workload more manageable. - Strategic Reading
- Prioritize key sections (summaries, titles, graphics) before reading entire texts.
- Use text-to-speech software (e.g., Kurzweil, ClaroRead, Voice Dream Reader).
- Alternate between visual and auditory formats to reinforce comprehension.
- Technological Tools
- Speech-to-text for writing assignments.
- Advanced spell checkers.
- Idea management apps (mind maps, graphic organizers).
- Adapted Note-Taking
- Record lectures (with instructor’s permission).
- Use apps that combine audio and visual notes.
- Summarize with keywords rather than trying to write everything down.
- Memory Techniques
- Use visual associations and diagrams.
- Repeat aloud, since verbalizing improves memory encoding.
- Test knowledge with quizzes or flashcards.
- Study Environment
- Choose quiet, distraction-free spaces.
- Alternate 25–30 minutes of study with short breaks (Pomodoro method).
- Incorporate regular physical activity, which enhances attention and emotional regulation.
Building Confidence and Resilience
Dyslexia can undermine self-esteem, especially when linked to difficult school experiences in childhood. Yet many adults with dyslexia testify that their strengths—creativity, big-picture thinking, perseverance—are invaluable in higher education and professional life.
Successful students often highlight:
- Strong ability to find alternative solutions
- Original thinking, useful in science, arts, and entrepreneurship
- Resilience in the face of challenges
The Role of Parents and Loved Ones
Even as students gain independence, family support remains crucial. Parents can encourage organization, remind their child of their strengths, and value effort as much as results. Open conversations about dyslexia also reduce shame or isolation some students may feel.
In Summary
Studying with dyslexia in college or university is a real but manageable challenge. Success depends on combining:
- A clear and documented neuropsychological evaluation
- Personalized academic accommodations
- Adapted study strategies
- Support from a caring network
Dyslexia does not prevent academic or professional achievement. With the right resources, students with dyslexia can carve their own path and showcase their unique strengths.
If you recognize yourself in this description, explore our resources on dyslexia and neuropsychological evaluation. To get support or schedule an appointment, contact us.
